python3 中解析简单的xml文档-昊天SEO

python3 中解析简单的xml文档-Python 技术分享 Java技术分享 Python 爬虫技术_微信公众号:zeropython—昊天博客

**
xml是一种十分常见的表机性语言，可提供统一的方法来描述应用程序的结构化数据。
**
[code lang="xml"]
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
<country name="Liechtenstein">
<rank>1</rank>
<year>2008</year>
<gdppc>141100</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
<neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
</country>
<country name="Singapore">
<rank>4</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>59900</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
</country>
<country name="Panama">
<rank>68</rank>
<year>2011</year>
<gdppc>13600</gdppc>
<neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
<neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
</country>
</data>

那么在python当中如何解析xml文档呢？

我们可以使用标准库中的xml.etree.ElementTree,其中的parse函数可以解析xml文档。

from xml.etree.ElementEtree import parse #导入这个函数

parse这个函数有两个参数parse(source,parse=None)

In [28]: parse?
Signature: parse(source, parser=None)
Docstring:
Parse XML document into element tree.

*source* is a filename or file object containing XML data,
*parser* is an optional parser instance defaulting to XMLParser.

Return an ElementTree instance.
File:      /usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/xml/etree/ElementTree.py
Type:      function

In [28]: parse?

Signature: parse(source, parser=None)

Docstring:

Parse XML document into element tree.

*source* is a filename or file object containing XML data,

*parser* is an optional parser instance defaulting to XMLParser.

Return an ElementTree instance.

File: /usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/xml/etree/ElementTree.py

Type: function

可以把上面这个xml文件作为source也就是输入元。

In [31]: from xml.etree.ElementTree import fromstring,parse

In [32]: f = open('01.xml')

In [33]: et = parse(f)

In [34]: root = et.getroot()

In [31]: from xml.etree.ElementTree import fromstring,parse

In [32]: f = open('01.xml')

In [33]: et = parse(f)

In [34]: root = et.getroot()

# 获取根地址

In [35]: root
Out[35]: <Element 'data' at 0x107949818>

# 获取根地址

In [35]: root

Out[35]: <Element 'data' at 0x107949818>

In [36]: root.tag
Out[36]: 'data'
# 获取标签

In [36]: root.tag

Out[36]: 'data'

# 获取标签

# 获取属性
In [37]: root.attrib
Out[37]: {}

# 获取属性

In [37]: root.attrib

Out[37]: {}

# 获取文本
In [38]: root.text
Out[38]: '\n    '

In [39]: root.text.strip()
Out[39]: ''

# 获取文本

In [38]: root.text

Out[38]: '\n '

In [39]: root.text.strip()

Out[39]: ''

# 获取子节点
In [40]: root.getchildren()
Out[40]:
[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 获取子节点

In [40]: root.getchildren()

Out[40]:

[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 获取子节点的文本
In [43]: for x in root:
    ...:     print(x.get('name'))
    ...:
    ...:
Liechtenstein
Singapore
Panama

# 获取子节点的文本

In [43]: for x in root:

...: print(x.get('name'))

...:

Liechtenstein

Singapore

Panama

# 获取root 节点的 country(第一个节点)

In [44]: root.find('country')
Out[44]: <Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>

# 获取root 节点的 country(第一个节点)

In [44]: root.find('country')

Out[44]: <Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>

# 获取root 节点下的所遇的country

In [45]: root.findall('country')
Out[45]:
[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 获取root 节点下的所遇的country

In [45]: root.findall('country')

Out[45]:

[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 获取root 节点下的所遇的country 生成器
In [46]: root.iterfind('country')
Out[46]: <generator object prepare_child.<locals>.select at 0x107147b48>

In [47]: for e in root.iterfind('country'):
    ...:        print(e.get('name'))
    ...:
Liechtenstein
Singapore
Panama

# 获取root 节点下的所遇的country 生成器

In [46]: root.iterfind('country')

Out[46]: <generator object prepare_child.<locals>.select at 0x107147b48>

In [47]: for e in root.iterfind('country'):

...: print(e.get('name'))

...:

Liechtenstein

Singapore

Panama

# 不能获取孙子节点

In [48]: root.findall('rank')
Out[48]: []


In [49]: root.iter()
Out[49]: <_elementtree._element_iterator at 0x107d530a0>

# 不能获取孙子节点

In [48]: root.findall('rank')

Out[48]: []

In [49]: root.iter()

Out[49]: <_elementtree._element_iterator at 0x107d530a0>

# 获取所有的节点

In [50]: [x for x in root.iter()]
Out[50]:
[<Element 'data' at 0x107949818>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,
 <Element 'year' at 0x107d76728>,
 <Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d76598>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f9f8>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f8b8>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,
 <Element 'year' at 0x107d3e548>,
 <Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3ec78>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e638>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>,
 <Element 'year' at 0x107d3ea48>,
 <Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3e368>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e9a8>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3eb88>]

# 获取所有的节点

In [50]: [x for x in root.iter()]

Out[50]:

[<Element 'data' at 0x107949818>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,

<Element 'year' at 0x107d76728>,

<Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d76598>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f9f8>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f8b8>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,

<Element 'year' at 0x107d3e548>,

<Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3ec78>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e638>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>,

<Element 'year' at 0x107d3ea48>,

<Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3e368>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e9a8>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3eb88>]

# 获取接点是 rank的所有节点,包括rank
In [51]: [x for x in root.iter('rank')]
Out[51]:
[<Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>]

# 获取接点是 rank的所有节点,包括rank

In [51]: [x for x in root.iter('rank')]

Out[51]:

[<Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>]

# 查找 country 下所有的子元素
In [52]: root.findall('country/*')
Out[52]:
[<Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,
 <Element 'year' at 0x107d76728>,
 <Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d76598>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f9f8>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f8b8>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,
 <Element 'year' at 0x107d3e548>,
 <Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3ec78>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e638>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>,
 <Element 'year' at 0x107d3ea48>,
 <Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3e368>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e9a8>,
 <Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3eb88>]

# 查找 country 下所有的子元素

In [52]: root.findall('country/*')

Out[52]:

[<Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,

<Element 'year' at 0x107d76728>,

<Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d76598>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f9f8>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x10784f8b8>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,

<Element 'year' at 0x107d3e548>,

<Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3ec78>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e638>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>,

<Element 'year' at 0x107d3ea48>,

<Element 'gdppc' at 0x107d3e368>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3e9a8>,

<Element 'neighbor' at 0x107d3eb88>]

# 选中当前元素下的所有的rank
In [54]: root.findall('.//rank')
Out[54]:
[<Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,
 <Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>]

# 选中当前元素下的所有的rank

In [54]: root.findall('.//rank')

Out[54]:

[<Element 'rank' at 0x107d76818>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3e908>,

<Element 'rank' at 0x107d3ed18>]

# 选择country 包含name的属性

In [58]: root.findall('country[@name]')
Out[58]:
[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 选择country 包含name的属性

In [58]: root.findall('country[@name]')

Out[58]:

[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 选择country 包含name的属性是"Liechtenstein"的节点


In [59]: root.findall('country[@name="Liechtenstein"]')
Out[59]: [<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>]

# 选择country 包含name的属性是"Liechtenstein"的节点

In [59]: root.findall('country[@name="Liechtenstein"]')

Out[59]: [<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>]

# 选择country 必须包含 rank 节点

In [60]: root.findall('country[rank]')
Out[60]:
[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,
 <Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 选择country 必须包含 rank 节点

In [60]: root.findall('country[rank]')

Out[60]:

[<Element 'country' at 0x107d76778>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>,

<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e0e8>]

# 选择country 必须包含 rank 节点 而且节点的值必须是4

In [63]: root.findall('country[rank="4"]')
Out[63]: [<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>]

# 选择country 必须包含 rank 节点而且节点的值必须是4

In [63]: root.findall('country[rank="4"]')

Out[63]: [<Element 'country' at 0x107d3e188>]

HTTPX 基础教程-新乡seo|网站优化,网站建设_微信公众号:zeropython—昊天博客

python3 中解析简单的xml文档

Python3 对json 的读写

pandas 读取mongodb 储存的数据, pandas链接mongodb

发表评论点击这里取消回复。

python3 中解析简单的xml文档

Python3 对json 的读写

pandas 读取mongodb 储存的数据, pandas链接mongodb

猜你喜欢

python xml解析

python描述符详解

Python3 getattr, getattrubute 区别和应用场景

python使用@property @x.setter @x.deleter

PyCharm 实用使用总结

Python类中的 私有变量和私有方法

发表评论 点击这里取消回复。

关注我们的公众号

Python类中的私有变量和私有方法

发表评论点击这里取消回复。