python: html转pdf-昊天SEO

这里介绍两个可以把html转成pdf的python包：xhtml2pdf和pdfcrowd。

xhtml2pdf的github主页在这：xhtml2pdf。安装建议不要按他说的。可以通过pip安装。安装pip之前有些人可能还需要安装一下python-setuptools。

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<span class="line">$ sudo apt-get install <span class='wp_keywordlink'><a href="http://www.168seo.cn/python" title="python">python</a></span>-setuptools</span>
<span class="line">$ sudo easy_install pip</span>
<span class="line">$ sudo pip install x<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="https://www.168seo.cn/tag/html2pdf" title="View all posts in html2pdf" target="_blank">html2pdf</a></span></span>

$ sudo apt-get install python-setuptools

$ sudo easy_install pip

$ sudo pip install xhtml2pdf

如果还有问题，大概也只能debug了。根据编译错误提示，看看是不是缺少什么文件，比如python-dev什么的。具体代码的例子，github主页中的test文件夹下面很全，比如simple.py。

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<span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">testSimple</span><span class="params">(</span>
<span class="line">data=<span class="string">"""Hello &lt;b&gt;World&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;img src="img/test.jpg"/&gt;"""</span>,</span>
<span class="line">dest=<span class="string">"test.pdf"</span>)</span>:</span></span>

<span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span>
<span class="line">Simple test showing how to create a PDF file from</span>
<span class="line">PML Source String. Also shows errors and tries to start</span>
<span class="line">the resulting PDF</span>
<span class="line">"""</span></span>

<span class="line">pdf = pisa.CreatePDF(</span>
<span class="line">cStringIO.StringIO(data),</span>
<span class="line">file(dest, <span class="string">"wb"</span>)</span>
<span class="line">)</span>

<span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> pdf.err:</span>
<span class="line">dumpErrors(pdf)</span>
<span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span>
<span class="line">pisa.startViewer(dest)</span>

def testSimple(

data="""Hello World <img src="img/test.jpg"/>""",

dest="test.pdf"):

"""

Simple test showing how to create a PDF file from

PML Source String. Also shows errors and tries to start

the resulting PDF

"""

pdf = pisa.CreatePDF(

cStringIO.StringIO(data),

file(dest, "wb")

)

if pdf.err:

dumpErrors(pdf)

else:

pisa.startViewer(dest)

但是，xhtml2pdf包还有些缺陷，不知道是bug，还是本身就没有设计。暂且按下不表。

另外要介绍的是pdfcrowd，主页在此pdfcrowd。安装直接pip安装。使用需要注册得到一个API Key。示例代码如下。

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<span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pdfcrowd</span>

<span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span>
<span class="line"><span class="comment"># create an API client instance</span></span>
<span class="line">client = pdfcrowd.Client(<span class="string">"username"</span>, <span class="string">"apikey"</span>)</span>

<span class="line"><span class="comment"># convert a web page and store the generated PDF into a pdf variable</span></span>
<span class="line">pdf = client.convertURI(<span class="string">'http://www.google.com'</span>)</span>

<span class="line"><span class="comment"># convert an HTML string and save the result to a file</span></span>
<span class="line">output_file = open(<span class="string">'html.pdf'</span>, <span class="string">'wb'</span>)</span>
<span class="line">html=<span class="string">"&lt;head&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;My HTML Layout&lt;/body&gt;"</span></span>
<span class="line">client.convertHtml(html, output_file)</span>
<span class="line">output_file.close()</span>

<span class="line"><span class="comment"># convert an HTML file</span></span>
<span class="line">output_file = open(<span class="string">'file.pdf'</span>, <span class="string">'wb'</span>)</span>
<span class="line">client.convertFile(<span class="string">'/path/to/MyLayout.html'</span>, output_file)</span>
<span class="line">output_file.close()</span>

<span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> pdfcrowd.Error, why:</span>
<span class="line"><span class="keyword">print</span> <span class="string">'Failed:'</span>, why</span>

import pdfcrowd

try:

# create an API client instance

client = pdfcrowd.Client("username", "apikey")

# convert a web page and store the generated PDF into a pdf variable

pdf = client.convertURI('http://www.google.com')

# convert an HTML string and save the result to a file

output_file = open('html.pdf', 'wb')

html="<head></head><body>My HTML Layout</body>"

client.convertHtml(html, output_file)

output_file.close()

# convert an HTML file

output_file = open('file.pdf', 'wb')

client.convertFile('/path/to/MyLayout.html', output_file)

output_file.close()

except pdfcrowd.Error, why:

print 'Failed:', why

值得一说的是converURI函数，只是将结果存入pdf变量中并没有保存，如何保存呢？查看API Reference如下。

python: html转pdf-Python 技术分享 Java技术分享 Python 爬虫技术_微信公众号:zeropython—昊天博客

可以看到converURI函数是通过outstream导出的，outstream可以说任何有write方法的对象，那么是不是可以使用file呢？

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<span class="line">client.converURI(<span class="string">"http://www.legendtkl.com"</span>, file(<span class="string">"html.pdf"</span>,<span class="string">"wb"</span>))</span>

1	<span class="line">client.converURI(<span class="string">"http://www.legendtkl.com"</span>, file(<span class="string">"html.pdf"</span>,<span class="string">"wb"</span>))</span>